This review contains two critical, verifiable errors:
1. Numerical inconsistency: Figure 2 reports ~55 gradient‑based automotive papers, yet Table 1 shows only 87 total papers retained after deduplication for both automotive and agricultural fields. The sum of all bars in Figure 2 exceeds the total corpus (242), indicating a miscalculation or misrepresentation.
2. Conceptual conflation: Section 3.5.2 cites CA‑Markov and RF‑CA models as applications of “hybrid cellular automata (HCA)” in agriculture. Those are predictive land‑use simulation models, not HCA optimization algorithms (which combine CA with FEA for structural design). The paper incorrectly classifies them under the same method.