The reported TpPa-75-250-2 membrane exhibits impressive antibiotic/salt selectivity and high water permeance under idealized single- and dual-component feed conditions. However, considering the reported pore size distribution (0.4–0.7 nm) and the negatively charged PAN substrate surface post-hydrolysis, how do the authors account for potential Donnan exclusion effects or electrostatic interactions between charged antibiotics (e.g., TC, ADR) and the membrane during filtration? Moreover, given that their separation performance was evaluated using low-concentration antibiotic/salt mixtures, how would the SAIP-fabricated TpPa membrane perform under more realistic high-salinity, multi-solute pharmaceutical effluents, where osmotic pressure gradients, competitive adsorption, and fouling dynamics may significantly alter permeation and rejection behavior?
