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Integrate bubble flotation and intermittent microbubble-enhanced cold plasma activation for scalable disinfection of food processing wastewater

Authors: Deepak Panchal,Qiuyun Lu,Ziya Saedi,Herman Luk,Tong Yu,Xuehua Zhang
Journal: Separation and Purification Technology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Publish date: 2025-7
ISSN: 1383-5866 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131677
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Your comparison shows the intermittent method is 1.3-fold more effective than continuous treatment, but it also consumes ~33% more total energy over the full 40-minute process. …..Isn’t your conclusion of energy saving fundamentally flawed because you are comparing treatments with different total plasma-on times and ignoring the significant energy consumed during the 3-hour incubation period?

The study claims complete and irreversible bacterial inactivation, yet the revival test merely re-incubates the treated water in fresh media. This only confirms the absence of active, culturable cells, not the absence of viable but non-culturable (VBNC) cells. ……Without an ATP assay or a cell membrane integrity test, how can you rule out that your process simply induces a VBNC state, which could lead to regrowth in a real-world application?

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