The analysis claims regime convergence based on immigrant women’s overrepresentation and wage penalties in low-status care, yet it does not account for core structural factors such as legal migration status (e.g., temporary vs. permanent), duration of stay, language fluency, or racialization, variables that are central to labour market stratification. In the absence of these controls, how can the study disentangle actual regime convergence from selection effects or undocumented within-regime heterogeneity? Does this not risk conflating similarity in outcomes with similarity in underlying institutional mechanisms?
