The reliance on the same research team for data collection, thematic coding, and analysis raises concerns about potential bias, potentially impacting the study’s objectivity and rigor. Clear safeguards to ensure impartiality are not detailed.
Additionally, the use of the Balanced Emotional Empathy Scale (BEES) lacks sufficient justification for its context-specific validity, leaving the claims about susceptibility and resistance unsupported by robust metrics or detailed methodology. These omissions weaken the study’s conclusions and credibility.